How it works
A home equity line of credit has two phases. During the draw period, usually 10 years, you can borrow as needed and many lenders require only interest payments. During the repayment period, usually 10–20 years, you can no longer draw and the balance is amortized like a regular loan.
The jump from interest-only to full principal-and-interest payments can be large. This calculator shows both payments for the same balance so you can plan for it.
Lenders typically allow a combined loan-to-value (mortgage plus HELOC) of 80–90% of your home value, which sets the maximum credit line.
Formula
Draw period payment = balance × rate ÷ 12; repayment = balance × r(1 + r)^n ÷ ((1 + r)^n − 1)
Questions people ask
Are HELOC rates fixed or variable?
Most are variable, tied to the prime rate plus a margin. Some lenders let you lock a fixed rate on part of the balance.
Is HELOC interest tax-deductible?
Under current US rules, interest may be deductible only if the funds are used to buy, build or substantially improve the home securing the loan, and you itemize. Check with a tax professional.
What is the difference between a HELOC and a home equity loan?
A home equity loan is a lump sum with a fixed rate and payment. A HELOC is a revolving line you draw from as needed, usually with a variable rate.